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Mental Retardation
Mental Retardation Definition
Mental retardation (MR) is a condition diagnosed before age 18, usually in infancy or prior to birth, that includes below-average general intellectual function, and a lack of the skills necessary for daily living. When onset occurs at age 18 or after, it is called dementia, which can coexist with an MR diagnosis. Intelligence level as determined by individual standard assessment is below 70, and the ability to adapt to the demands of normal life is impaired. This is important because it distinguishes a diagnosis of MR from individuals with low IQ scores who are able to adapt to the demands of everyday life. Education, job training, support from family, and individual characteristics such as motivation and personality can all contribute to the ability of individuals with MR to adapt.
Other behavioral traits associated with MR (but not deemed criteria for an MR diagnosis) include aggression, dependency, impulsivity, passivity, self-injury, stubbornness, low self-esteem, and low frustration tolerance. Some may also exhibit mood disorders such as psychotic disorders and attention difficulties, though others are pleasant, otherwise healthy individuals. Sometimes physical traits, like shortness in stature and malformation of facial elements, can set individuals with MR apart, while others may have a normal appearance.
Other Mental Retardation Definition
Mental Retardation Definition is Syndrome due to various causes that arise at birth or develop in early childhood.
Mental Retardation classification
Mild Mental Retardation
- IQ 55-70
- 85% of the population of patients with RM Similar to individuals who are not RM
- New look when entering formal schooling can reach sixth grade school and graduated from high school a few up.
- Adults: work, get married, have a family.
- Looked slow and need help in solving life's problems and tasks.
Mental Retardation Medium
- RM medium
- IQ 40-55
- 10% of the population of patients with RM It can be diagnosed at the pre-school age
- Require special education services.
- Her academic ability achieve class II and class III.
- Require support services throughout his life
Mental Retardation weight
- RM weight
- IQ 25-40
- 3-4% of the population with mental retardation has more than one organic disorder that causes delay.
- Require strict supervision and special services throughout life.
- Some: learn simple task for "self care", working in "sheltered workshops" or "preworkshop type"
Mental Retardation very heavy
- RM Very Heavy
- IQ <25
- 1-2% of the population with RM
- There impaired cognitive function, motor and pervasive communications.
- Impaired motor function and sensation since early childhood.
- Individuals require extensive training to perform "self-care" very basic (eating, bowel and bladder).
- Require total supervision and care throughout his life
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